Topical pain management includes the use of sprays, creams, gels, or patches that can be applied directly over the area where pain is felt for relief. Different products use different ingredients. However, capsaicin is considered one of the most effective ingredients for topical pain relief. It can be helpful for several types of acute and chronic pain including but not limited to both joint pains as well diabetic nerve pain. The use of topical capsaicin for pain relief is on the rise and can easily be found over the counter.
What Is Capsaicin?
Capsaicin is an active compound naturally found in chili peppers which is responsible for the characteristic spicy heat of those peppers. Once consumed or topically applied, the capsaicin compound acts by binding to specific receptors called TRPV1 or VR1 receptors in the human nervous system. Since these specific receptors are involved in the sensation of pain and heat, once activated by capsaicin there is an initial burning sensation like what is experienced while biting into a spicy chili pepper. Prolonged exposure to the capsaicin compound will then lead to the desensitization of the nerves where these receptors are located causing any and all sensation of pain to dramatically reduce over time.
How Does Topical Capsaicin Work?
Topical capsaicin formulations work by binding to and activating the same receptors as the capsaicin compound that is naturally found in chili peppers. They also have the same level of effectiveness as their natural counterpart. When applied to the skin in the form of creams, gels, or patches the nerves in that area become desensitized. When used over a long period of time, the desensitization process causes a reduction in the amount of a neuropeptide called Substance P, which transmits pain signals to the brain. So, by lowering the levels of Substance P, Capsaicin can decrease the overall perception of pain.
What Conditions Can Topical Capsaicin Treat?
Capsaicin can used in the management of various pain-related conditions, including:
- Arthritis/Joint Pain: The use of Capsaicin ointments and creams have shown to provide relief in those suffering from conditions like osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis by reducing joint pain and improving mobility.
- Neuropathic Pain: Topical capsaicin can be used to alleviate severe pain associated with conditions such as diabetic neuropathy, post-herpetic neuralgia (shingles pain), and trigeminal neuralgia.
- Muscle Pain: Capsaicin creams, sprays, and patches are widely used to soothe sore muscles in athletes and individuals with muscle strains or sprains
- Headaches: Some evidence suggests the use of a small amount of topical capsaicin applied inside the nostril may help alleviate symptoms associated with headaches specifically cluster headaches and migraines.
- Non-pain Indications: Some evidence suggests that topical capsaicin holds anti-itch properties which can be used to manage conditions such as psoriasis. Topical capsaicin can also be indicated for use in conditions of allergic rhinitis based on some studies.
How To Use Capsaicin Topically?
Topical Capsaicin products can be found in several formulations in the forms of creams, gels, sprays, patches, and so on. When using these products, make sure to follow certain guidelines:
- Start slowly: Begin with lower concentration formulas. For gels and creams start with 0.025% or 0.075% doses. For patches, 8% strength patches have shown to provide significant pain relief. Make sure to always test the formulation in small amount in a small area on the inside of your arm. This method is known as a patch test and can detect any possible adverse effects of the topical capsaicin. If any side effects such as those discussed below are experienced, then discontinue use.
- Application: Once a negative patch test is completed, apply the cream or gel to the affected area and rub it in thoroughly. Make sure to wash your hands immediately after use to avoid spreading the capsaicin to sensitive areas such as the eyes.
- Consistency: Regular application is the key for chronic conditions. Applying topical capsaicin multiple times a day is often necessary to maintain pain relief. Make sure to follow the usage recommendations on the packaging for proper use.
- Expect Initial Discomfort: It is common to experience some burning or stinging immediately after application but should diminish within a few minutes of continued use. If any discomfort persists wash the area with soap and water, discontinue use, and see your healthcare provider.
What Are The Benefits And Side Effects Of Topical Capsaicin?
A topical pain relief agent such as topical capsaicin has several benefits. The primary benefit of using topical capsaicin is that it can provide targeted pain relief without effecting other parts of the body. Oral pain medications usually cause several systemic side effects not associated with topical capsaicin. However, users should be aware of potential side effects, such as:
- Skin Irritation: Redness, stinging, or a burning sensation at the application site is normal, especially when first starting treatment, but should only last for a few minutes. If these symptoms persists longer that a few minutes, then it is an adverse effect of the topical agent
- Allergic Reactions: Some individuals can experience an allergic reaction to capsaicin products. Someone who has a known allergy to chili peppers should not use topical capsaicin.
- Increased Photosensitivity: Areas of the skin where the topical formula is applied may become sensitive to heat or light. It is advised to keep areas where capsaicin is applied out of direct heat or sunlight at all times.
If a user experiences these or any other adverse effects from topical capsaicin use, the causing agent should be stopped immediately, and a healthcare provider should be seen. Make sure to follow instructions provided on the packaging and use with caution.
Is Topical Capsaicin The Solution For You?
Capsaicin is a powerful natural compound found in chili peppers. Topical formulations of capsaicin have found a valuable role in pain management. For many individuals, topical capsaicin products offer an effective alternative or addition to traditional pain management as it can help alleviate discomfort from various chronic conditions. If adopting topical capsaicin for pain relief is being considered, make sure to first consult with a healthcare provider to ensure it appropriate for your specific needs. Always use topical capsaicin products as directed and keep an eye out for the development of any side effects. Whether you are dealing with arthritis, neuropathy, or muscle pain, capsaicin might just be the “hot and spicy” solution for you!
